Starting out in Historical European Martial Arts (HEMA) can be a mix of excitement and uncertainty, especially when it comes to selecting your first weapon. Whether you’re drawn to longsword duels, rapier fencing, or sword and buckler techniques, the choice of training weapon has a major influence on your safety, learning curve, and enjoyment. This guide will help you choose your first HEMA weapon with clarity and confidence.
Know Your Discipline
HEMA isn’t limited to a single fighting style. Your first weapon depends on the tradition or treatise you’re studying. Here are the most common entry points:
Longsword
Based on 14th to 16th-century manuals (notably those of Liechtenauer and Fiore), the longsword is the most popular starting weapon. It involves both two-handed strikes and grappling techniques.
Rapier
Used in 16th and 17th-century civilian duelling. Rapier styles focus on thrusting, precision, and complex footwork.
Sabre
Popular in military manuals from the 18th and 19th centuries. The sabre is lighter and quicker than a longsword, with a strong emphasis on cutting and timing.
Sword and Buckler
Typically linked to the I.33 manuscript, this style combines a one-handed arming sword with a small defensive shield. It’s dynamic, technical, and ideal for those who enjoy coordination-heavy systems.
Synthetic vs Steel
Your first weapon will usually be a training replica. The choice between synthetic and steel depends on experience level, club rules, and personal budget.
Synthetic Weapons
Made from durable plastic-like materials. They are lightweight, affordable, and safe for beginners. Many clubs recommend synthetic swords for introductory sparring and drills.
Steel Training Weapons (Feders)
Designed to replicate the weight, flex, and balance of historical swords while being blunt and safe for training. A well-made feder is essential for realistic longsword practice but can be overwhelming or dangerous for newcomers without proper gear or control.
What to Look For
Regardless of weapon type, focus on the following features:
- Flexibility: Especially important for thrusting weapons like the rapier. A too-stiff blade can cause injury.
- Weight and Balance: Should mimic historical originals. Overly heavy or unbalanced weapons will hinder proper form.
- Durability: Your weapon should handle repeated use without deforming or splintering. Check user reviews and club recommendations.
- Hilt Design: Look for a secure grip, functional crossguard, and a handle length suitable for your style (e.g., two hands for longsword, one for sabre).
- Blunt Edges: Essential for safety. Never train with a sharpened weapon.
Reputable Entry-Level Options
Here are some well-known and widely trusted starter brands:
- Red Dragon Armoury: Popular for synthetic longswords and arming swords.
- Black Fencer: Offers synthetic options with good handling characteristics.
- Regenyei Armoury: Known for their steel feders, particularly among longsword practitioners.
- Krieger and Castille: Offer excellent steel options for rapier and sabre with adjustable balance and components.
Club and Instructor Input
Before buying anything, speak to your club instructor. Most clubs have specific requirements or partner suppliers. You may also be able to try out different weapons to see what feels comfortable. Following club standards ensures your gear will be allowed in class and sparring sessions.
Protective Gear Considerations
If you’re purchasing your own weapon, make sure your protective kit matches. A steel feder, for example, requires a good fencing mask, padded jacket, throat protection, and heavy gloves. Starting with synthetic weapons can delay this expense while still letting you develop technique.
The Seven Swords takeaway
Your first HEMA weapon shapes your early habits, confidence, and respect for the martial tradition you’re stepping into. Start with something practical, club-approved, and well-matched to your goals. As your skills grow, you’ll naturally refine your preferences and expand your kit with greater purpose.
